Last west civ class

     Today, sadly, was our last west civ class which means this is the last blog I will write. I am going to miss this class because it was my favorite one. I'm really going to miss Mr. Schick the most as a teacher because he was probably the best teacher I have ever had. He motivated me to study more and do better in his class which no other teacher has really helped me do. Mr. Schick, I hope I have you in tv production next year because youre the best teacher ever.

Final Test

     Today in western civ, we took the final test of the year. I totally bombed the test which i was really disappointed about. I didn't have that good of a class today because of that. I was most scared about my grade because i have an 82 in this class and i definitely do not want it to be a C. Western civ today was disappointing, but i can get over it.

Weird Class

     Today in west civ, we reviewed for the test tomorrow. It was a pretty weird class, but it was probably one of the best classes. Apparently, Sarah and Paula thought i had a boyfriend and Mr. Schick somehow turned it into talking about kangaroos. So, Sarah, for the rest of the class, looked up kangaroo facts and pictures.

Notes

     Today in west civ, we went back over the power point we were discussing for the test. This is a really good review for the test i think. We also had a shadow that im pretty sure Mr. Schick scared but it's okay she had a good time. 

Germanic kingdoms under charlemagne

Middle ages= medieval period
The new society has roots in-
classical heritage of Rome
Beliefs of the Roman catholic church
Customs of Germanic tribes

causing
- disruption of trade
- downfall of cities
- population shifts to rural areas

D. A European Empire Evolves

• Franks control largest European kingdom
• The Roman province formerly known as Gaul
• Ruled by Clovis - the Merovingian Dynasty

• Major domo - mayor of the palace - ruled the kingdom
• Charles Martel - Charles the Hammer
• extended the Franks' region to the north, south, east
• Defeated a Muslim army from Spain at the Battle of Tours in 732 - historic battle

• Charles the Hammer's son - Pepin the Short
• Possibly named for his unusual short haircut
• Working for and with the Pope, Pepin fought the Lombard
• Pope Stephen II named Pepin "king by the grace of God" - beginning the Carolingian Dynasty 751-987 AD

(So, a Pope can actually name someone "king")

• Pepin the Short had two sons: Carolman and Charles
• Carolman died leaving...

E. Charlemagne takes center stage

• Charlemagne - aka Charles the Great
• Six foot four
• Built the greatest empire since Rome
• Fought the Muslims in Spain
• Fought Germanic tribes
• Spread Christianity
• Reunited Western Europe
• Became the most powerful king in western Europe
• Pope Leo III crowned him emperor in 800 AD after he defended him from an unruly Roman mob
• This signaled the joining of Germanic power, the Church, and the heritage of the Roman Empire

• Charlemagne's Government
• He limited the authority of the nobles
• He regularly visited every part of his kingdom
• Kept close watch on his estates

• Cultural revival
• Encouraged learning
• Ordered monasteries to open schools

• But, his heirs were weenies...
• His son - Louis the Pious - was ineffective
• Louis' three sons - Lothario, Charles the Bald, & Louis the German - split up the kingdom at the Treaty of Verdun in 843 AD 

not here

     today in west civ, I wasn't here. I don't really know what happened today so that's really all that I can write.

Germanic Kingdoms Unite Under Charlemagne- Notes 5/20

MAIN IDEA!
Many Germanic Kingdoms that succeeded the Roman Empire were reunited under Charlemagne's Empire
WHY IT MATTERS NOW!
Charlemagne spread Christian Civilization throughout northern Europe, which is where many of us came from

SETTING THE STAGE
Middle ages= medieval period
500-1500 AD
Medieval Europe is Fragmented

A. Invasions trigger changes in Western Europe
  1. Invasions and constant warfare speak new trends
     a. Disruption of trade
           i. Europe's cities are no longer economic centers
           ii. Money is scarce
     b. Downfall of cities
           i. Cities are no longer centers of administration
     c. Population shifts
           i.  nobles retreat to the rural areas
           ii. Cities don't have strong leaders
   2. Decline of learning
      a. Germanic invaders are illiterate, but they communicate through oral tradition
      b. Only priests and church officials could read and write
      c. Knowledge of Greek and literature, science, philosophy is almost lost
  3. Loss of a common language
     a. Dialects develop in different regions
     b. By the 800's, French, Spanish, and other Roman- based languages are evolving from Latin
B. Germanic Kingdoms emerge
   1. The concept of government changes
     a Roman Society: Loyal to Family
            i. Germanic Chief led warriors
            ii. During peace, he provided food, weapons, treasure, a place to live (the lord's hall)
            iii. During wartime, warriors fought for the lord
    b. The king? Whos that? You want to collect taxes from me? Who the heck are you?
    c. Franks live in the roman province of Gaul- their leader is Clovis
   2. The Franks under Clovis
    a. another battlefield conversion just like Constantine
    b. Clovis and 3000 of his warriors are baptized by the bishop
    c. The church in Rome approves of this alliance
    d. Clovis and the church begin to work together
Clovis military expertise + The church's support and money = A strategic alliance between 2 powerful forces
 C. Germanic peoples adopt Christianity
    1. 511 ad- 
    

Notes

• Combination of Christianity and Kingdom= Christendom
• Taxes/tithe tithing 10%
• Eastern Roman Empire known as Byzantine empire
• Became more Greek and Roman

Power Point

• Feudalism- A political, military and economic system based on land holding and protective alliances
• In other words: the system is based on personal loyalty to people who can help you
• RICH DUDE (LORD): "I own land; i need people to help me work it and defend it
• Tough dudes (vassals): There are a lot of us, we can help the rich dudes hold onto their land
• PYRAMID (top to bottom)
• King
• The most powerful vassals (nobles and bishops)
• Knights- mounted warriors who received fiefs for defending their lords land
• Peasants (mostly serfs) Landless, powerless, money less, rights less Just working the land for "The man" (Their Lord)
• MANOR- The lord's estate
• The lord's manor house
• A church
• Some work shops
• 15-30 families
• All on a few square miles
• Good news- It's a self sufficient community
• Bad news- it's harsh if you're a peasant
• PEASANTS ARE POOR AND PAY HIGH TAXES
• Tax on grain
• Tax on marriage
• Church Tax (Tithe= 10% of their income)
• They live in crowded cottages
• Live with animals and insects
• Eat very simply
• But don't worry- the church says this is your lot in life
• God determines your place in society- so chill
• 
  

Tests Back

     Today in west civ, we didn't do anything really. First, we went over the tests. I was really happy because i got a 92 on it. I was super happy about that because i usually don't do well on the tests. After we went over what people got, we could just to homework . West civ today was boring, but at least i got most of my work done.

Notes

“The upheaval of the early middle ages ended not in a collapse of civilization but in its renewal. And the first two early medieval centuries set the patterns for how this renewal would later take place in western and Eastern Europe.”

Chronology

486 AD- Clovis leads Frankish confederacy against Romans and rival Germanic invaders in Gaul
527-565 AD- Reign of Emperor Justinian in the Eastern empire
542 AD- Plague hits Egypt, then spreads throughout the Mediterranean area and much of western Europe
568 AD- Lombard's conquer most of northern Italy
570-632 AD- Life of Muhammad
595 AD- Missionaries sent by the people begin to convert the pagans of England
711 AD- Muslim invasion of Spain
800 AD- Slaves occupy almost all of eastern Europe

Rome Fades Away

2 Emperors

DIOCLETIAN

- he rules from 284 - 303

- it's cool to persecute Christians

- Rome needs a big army (400,000 strong)

- Rome needs a big government (20,000 officials)

CONSTANTINE

- rules from 306 - 337

- it's cool to BE a Christian

- conversion to Christianity

- via a cross in the sky (conquer by this!)

- 313 - his Edict of Milan proclaims

- freedom of worship

- built a new capital in the East

- Byzantium, soon to be known as Constantinople

LIFE IN THE FOURTH CENTURY

 - country dwellers are getting bankrupted by endless tax collection

 - new farming system: peasants work for elite landlords on large farms

 - peasants can avoid paying taxes, but they are getting hit just as hard by the landlords

 - paying off debts and being "allowed" to live on the land, in exchange for endless back-breaking work (such a deal!)

 - landowners hold local power as counts and bishops, wielding more real power than the faraway empire

 foreshadowing feudalism

THE WESTERN EMPIRE CRUMBLES

- Rome's power is decreasing, while nomadic barbarians gain power

- Western Empire is too poor, begins to be neglected

- Huns migrate from China to eastern Europe

- Visigoths take over Spain, and actually capture and loot Rome itself in 410

- Vandals control Carthage and the western Mediterranean

- other barbarian tribes:

            Ostrogoth's in Italy

            Franks in Gaul

           Angles and Saxons in Britain

END OF AN ERA

from the beginnings...

            500 BC - the monarchy is abolished

            450 BC - the Twelve Tables are established

...through the glory days...

            44 BC - end of the line for Julius Caesar

            27 BC - 180 AD - the Roman Peace (Pax Romana)

to the bitter end...

-          constant fifth century invasions by barbarian tribes left the western Roman Empire shattered and crumbling

-          the last emperor was a teenage boy installed in 475 by his father

-          barbarians deposed Romulus Augustulus without bothering to kill him

More Notes

Decline of the Roman Empire

• RISE OF CHRISTIANITY
• Jesus spends 3 years preaching, is killed by Roman leaders
• Jesus' followers believe he is the Messiah and Savior who has risen from the dead
• Saul (the persecutor) becomes Paul (the evangelist), spreading Jesus' message (one true God, not Roman gods)
• Christianity evolves from cult status to established, official structure
• Priests, bishops, pope (Bishop of Rome)
• RISE OF CHRISTIANITY (2)
• Christians and Jews were monotheistic (Believing in one God)
• This conflicted with Roman Beliefs
• Persecution against both was common
• Christianity appealed to the poor, and since there were many poor, their numbers grew
• as it grew, even some Roman leaders embraced Christianity
• (can you see the tide beginning to turn..?)
• RISE OF CHRISTIANITY (3)
• AD 313: Constantine had a battlefield conversion
• He issues Edict of Milan
• Not only no persecution, but actual approval of Christianity, eventually making it the official religion of Rome
• The Roman empire and Christianity are now linked in power and influence
• DECLINE OF ROMAN EMPIRE
• AD 180: Rome has problems
• economic  (trade becomes risky; taxes were too high; food supply was dropping)
• military (frontiers were hard to patrol; Roman generals fought for control; soldiers' loyalty declined and mercenaries appeared)
• Diocletian divided the empire in two
• Greek- speaking East (had more resources)
• Latin- speaking West (Rome, tradition)
• DECLINE OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE (2)
• AD 324- Constantine becomes emperor over both halves of the empire
• moves the capital from Rome to Byzantium (Renamed Constantinople), where Asia met Europe (Now Turkey)
• after his death, empire is divided again
• this time, "barbarian invaders" (Huns, Vandals, Visigoths, Angles, Saxons, Franks) overrun the Empire's frontiers
• That's it for the Roman Empire (AD 476)

Chapter 8- 123

     " Instead of dying, The Mediterranean civilization of Greece  and Rome began to spread among many still- Barbarian Northern peoples, until it became the Christian Europe of the Middle ages"

- Christ Victorious- This mosaic in a chapel in the Italian city of Ravenna dates from about A.D. 500, when Rome was beset by invaders and Christians were bitterly  divided over belief.

- The new religion began as a group within Judaism at a time of division and uncertainty among the Jews arising out of their encounter

- The Romans became a huge threat and they took over

- The empire was strong enough to bring about the last and greatest changes in civilization that took place under its rule

-  Christianity had grown and spread rapidly

- 

Test

     Today in west civ, we took a big test on Rome. I studied super hard for hours so i hope i did good. Currently we are waiting for Mr. Schick to put the scan trons through so we know our grade. I'm really anxious to know my grade because I worked really hard studying, but the last part of the test was a little hard. I'm almost positive i got everything on the first part right, but the second part was really challenging to me. I really hope Mr. Schick grades our tests soon.

Notes for tomorrow

- First emperor- Caesar Augustus

Caligula (bad finish)

• • He began to fight with the Senate
  • He claimed to be a god, and had statues displayed in many places - including the Jewish temple in Jerusalem (sacrilege!)
  • Other examples of cruelty and insanity: he slept with other men's wives and bragged about it, indulged in too much spending and sex, and even tried to make his horse a consul and a priest (at least that's what his critics said)
  • Assassinated by his own aides. AD 41 (aged 28)

  
  

  Claudius

  • Ostracized by his family because of his disabilities (limp, slight deafness, possible speech impediment - thought to be cerebral palsy or polio), he was the last adult male in his family when Caligula was killed
  • He rose to the occasion: he conquered Britain; he built roads, canals, and aqueducts; he renovated the Circus Maximus
  • He had an awful marriage to Messalina, who was quite often unfaithful to him, even plotting to seize power for her lover Silius through a coup - so Claudius had them killed

  
  

  Religious troubles

  • Christianity and Judaism: monotheistic
  • Romans had many gods, plus at times the emperor was viewed as a god
  • AD 66: a group of Jews called the Zealots tried to rebel, but Roman troops put them down and burned their temple (except for one wall)
  • The Western Wall today is the holiest of all Jewish shrines
  • Half a million Jews died in the rebellion

  
  

  Persecution of Christians

  • Romans were harsh toward those who would not worship the emperor
  • Especially Christians, who were viewed as followers of a new, upstart religion (cult)
  • Often used for "entertainment" purpose in the Colosseum (thrown to the lions, etc.)
  • Despite the oppression, Christianity grew quickly - by AD 200, around 10 percent of the people in the Roman empire were Christians

Notes

 P. 101- Assassination and another Caesar

• In 44 BC, Caesar secured a vote from the senate making him dictator for life
• He became a Greek style tyrant
• March 15th, 44 B.C., Caesar appeared in the senate house and a crowd of senators struck him down with their daggers
• Mark Antony and Octavian were rival loyalists of Caesar
• Marcus Lepidus defeated Cassius and Brutus in the battle of Greece 
• Antony's love affair with Cleopatra made him unpopular in Rome
• Rome was divided into 2 parts
• In 31 B.C., the rulers of the two halves of Rome went to war
• Antony and Cleopatra both went back to Egypt
• They both committed suicide

Chapter 7- Page 103

• " The Era of the Roman peace was one of massive social, religious, and cultural changes that would form a new pattern of Western civilization"
• Augustus' new system of government kept many features of the Roman Republic , allowed subject peoples  good deal for self rule, and brought Rome's destabilizing expansion to a halt
• The result was 200 years of stability that modern scholars call the Roman peace
• The Roman version of Greco- Roman civilization prevailed in the western territories, and the Greek version was dominant in the East
• all of the roman art was inspired my Greek models
• Hadrian's wall was constructed at the order of the emperor Hadrian between ad 122 and 128
•  it was originally 10 feet or more high and ran for 70 miles across the island of Britain
• Romans called the barbarian territory the barbaricum 

Page 104- 107

• Princeps- "First citizen", a traditional Roman name for prominent leaders who were considered indispensable to the Republic that came to be used by Augustus and other early emperors
• CHRONOLOGY
• 29-19 B.C.- Vigil composes the Aeneid
• 27 B.C.- End of Roman republic and beginning of Roman Emperors
• A.D. 14- Augustus dies and Tiberius takes over without challenge
• A.D. 62-70 Jewish revolt against Rome
• A.D. 117- Under Emperor Trajan, the Roman empire reaches its greatest extent
• A.D. 126- Pantheon built in Rome
• A.D. 212- All free inhabitants of the Roman Empire are declared Roman citizens
• A.D. 529- Justinian's law code begins to be published, systematizing the laws of Rome
• "Augustus and his successors broke with the Roman tradition of citizen- soldiers to create the world's first professional standing army
• The advent of monarchy brought five centuries of Roman expansion to an end
• A military disaster prompted a new thinking on expansion
• In a.d. 9, recently conquered peoples on central Europe and Germany beyond the Rhine rebelled against the Romans, and an entire Roman army was destroyed by German barbarian insurgents
• This loss forced Augustus to realize that his army had been overstretched by conquests and that a still larger army would be so expensive and so uncontrollable as to endanger his power 
• Augustus advised his successors not to expand
• after his death in a.d. 14, Augustus' will was found to contain a recently added clause advising the senate and his successors that the empire should be confined within its existing boundaries
• Most of Augustus' successors followed his advice because they, too, found expansion too risky and destabilizing. In the next century, only a few large independent territories were permanently added to the empire 
• The army's mission was changed from conquest to defense
• The army's 30,000 men were stationed in hundreds of permanent encampments along what came to be thought of as the permanent frontiers of the empire
• Though Roman forces often campaigned beyond the frontiers, it was nearly always to deter or punish attackers from the other side
• Marcus Caelius was the first centurion 
• He served for thirty years and his body was never found
• Augustus adopted Tiberius as his own son
• Caesar- The imperial title given to the designated successor of a reigning empire 
• Augustus- The imperial title given to a reigning empire 
• Roman Peace- (Pax Romana) A term used to refer to the relative stability and prosperity that Roman rule brought to the Mediterranean world and much of western Europe during the first and second centuries a.d.

Movie

     Today in west civ, we did the same exact thing as yesterday. We watched the Rome video. This movie to me is very disgusting and horrible. Nero is a very creepy and weird man, worse than Hitler. He ruined Rome. We just about finished the video so i guess it ends with him still being the leader. There's not much left to say because we didn't do anything really, but overall, west civ was pretty relaxing.

Movie

     Today in west civ we watched a movie on Rome. It was kind of our break day because we didnt have to take any notes or do anything. We could just sit back, relax and watch the movie. It was an easy day today in west civ, that's really all i have to talk about.

Notes

The Roman Empire

•  Octavian- AKA Caesar Augustus
•                                                                  Augustus- The first emperor- getting it done
• Begins The Pax romana - a period of peace and prosperity
• Built roads and aqueducts (brought water to the cities)
• Set up civil service to take care of roads, the grain supply, even a postal service
• Augustus dies at age 76 in A.D. 14, and passes power to..
•                                                                  Tiberius^
•                                                                  From Jesus to Christianity
• Jesus was a roman citizen and a practicing Jew
• At 30, he began his ministry (A.D. 31-33), preaching to the poor (and there we lots of 'em in the empire, and reaching out to outsiders
• Statements like "My kingdom is not of this world" made the Romans (and the Jews) nervous, and they began to plan his execution
• The governor of the Roman province of Judea, Pontius Pilate (Prompted by Jewish priests), sentences Jesus to death by crucifixion 
•                                                                 The word spreads about the risen Jesus
• Paul is instrumental in telling the world about Jesus' life, death, Resurrection, and message
• He travels far and wide: Cyprus, Anatolia, Athens, Corinth, Macedonia, Rome, Jerusalem, and maybe even Spain and Britain
• He writes letters to many of those he spoke to- these epistles are a part of the New Testament
• If not for the efforts of Paul, it is likely that Jesus remains an obscure preacher, instead of the central figure of the worlds largest religion
•                                                      The 100: A ranking of the most influential persons in history
• 1. Muhammad
• 2. Sir Isaac Newton
• 3. Jesus
• 4. Buddha
• 5 Paul
•                                                  
•                                                              
• 
  

Speaker Problem

    Today in west civ, we watched a video, but there were a lot of problems. The first problem was that Mr. Schick's internet wasn't working when we were trying to watch a you tube video. Then, when we got Sarah's computer the internet was fine. But then, the sound wasn't working and Mr. Schick got really mad. He went to his room to get another speaker then threw his old ones on the ground. After that, we were told to watch the video individually and finish it for homework. West civ today was a little different.

nothing really

     Today in west civ all we did was highlight stuff that was in our book. It took a little bit for the computer to get set up, but it eventually worked. We were also complaining a lot about how hot it was in the room. It was a little boring but at least i was learning something. Thats really all we did today, i have nothing else to say really except it was a dress down day and it was Thursday. 

My presentation

    Today in west civ, Me and my group presented our project. We made an ancient roman sacrificial cake called Libum. I thought the paper that Me and Sarah wrote was really good and I think our presentation went good as well.  I think it was really helpful me and Sarah made a power point to present the project because otherwise it would've gone horrible. When it was time for us to give out the food, nobody really liked it which I could understand. I was really glad Mr. Schick liked it and our presentation because that might be a better chance to get a better grade. West civ today was really fun and I also thought the other presentations were good as well. The only thing is me and Sarah basically did all the work.

presentations

     Today in west civ, two people presented today which were the group of ellie hailey and carly and then matt, jevan, and zack.  Ellie, hailey and Carly went first and their presentation was really good. When the next group came, I thought it was pretty good except the presentation was too short and not that well prepared in my opinion. After everyone was done the presentation, we sat and talked. West civ today was very relaxing and I am looking forward to present tomorrow.

Test

     Today in west civ, we didn't do much at all. We took a test on Rome that everybody failed except for carly. It was disapointing to me that I got a bad grade because studied, but I guess I didn't study hard enough. After we took the test and Mr. Schick showed everyone their grade, we didn't do anything. We could just talk and do nothing. That's really all we did in west civ today because it was the last day of school before easter break
Happy Easter Mr. Schick!!!!

Notes

Roman Legion- Army

Divided into smaller units

1 legion- 5000 people

Infantry- round troops (men marching on foot)

Etruscans:

- made grid section

- skilled road builders 

Cavalry- men on horseback

3 Punic wars all of them were run by Rome

1st in cicili

2nd Rome

3rd  carthage

Latifundia- Latin for great estate

Project

      Today in west civ, we worked on the Ancient Rome project. At the beginning of the class, Mr. Schick went over the rubric with us so that we would have a better understanding of what the project was on and what we had to do. After that, we could get together with our groups and talk about our plan for the project. That's really all we did in west civ today.

notes

     Today in west civ, we did not do much at all. We took notes on Rome and we were being told what we need to know for the test which is Friday. I think i will be ready because i have really good notes and i have most of the song memorized. Carly got picked on a lot today because of her bad mood. Thats really all we did in west civ today, nothing special or entertaining really happened.                                                                                                   

Absent

Today in west civ, I don't know what happened because I wasn't there today. I wasn't there because I had a doctors and dentist appointment. I'm also looking stuff up for the project on rome that we are doing. Me and Paula are doing the ancient Roman food project. That's really all I did today.

Highlighting

      Today in west civ, we didn't do very much. We were asked to get our textbooks because we were going to highlight all the important things that'll be on the test. We pretty much did that for the whole class period. We also talked about that there will no longer be a mod schedule by our junior year which really surprised me. That's really all we did in west civ today. Nothing really happened that was interesting.

Notetaking

       In west civ today, all we really did was take notes on rome. He explained the rap he made up to us and what it really meant. He told us about Remus and Romulus which was a weird story and he also told us about other roman leaders. After he finally realized that we didn't get our tests back, he gave them back. I got a 75 which is pretty good, but I really wanted at least an 80. On the test, I had all the names mixed up which dropped my grade. West civ today was a lot more normal than yesterday.

yesterday

     In west civ yesterday, it was April Fools Day and Mr. Schick said he wouldn't be here and that there was a sub. My internet wasn't working yesterday so im doing this blog today.  When Mr. Schick came in, he was dressed in a black hoodie with sunglasses and his hat on backwards. He told  us instead Flo Rida, he was Chi Cago and that he was going to do a parody of the song "Low". When he played the song, he was rapping about Rome which was hilarious to watch. We could all record it and after that, he introduced a rome project to us where we basically can do anything we want that has to do with Rome. West civ yesterday was hilarious and I hope to finish the project before break.

Leaving Early

       Today in west civ, im leaving class early because I am going on a plane to florida. This is my first time going on a plane alone so im a little nervous. Im going to see my grandparents who live down there half the year when its winter and they come back up to Maryland in the spring/summer. They are going to take me places like downtown Disney, universal, and a bunch of other places. I'm staying down there until Monday and I really can't wait.

Test

     Today in west civ, all we really did was take a test. The test was open blog, which was a huge relief, but I still hope I did good. I really never know if I did good or not so ill just have to see tomorrow. The test wasn't scantron which I liked because I hate scantrons. Scantrons always make me feel like Im taking psats or exams. Tomorrow, I leave class early because im going to florida which I am super excited for.  West civ today was pretty normal and hopefully tomorrow will be too.

Review

      Today in west civ, we reviewed a lot for the test tomorrow on greeks and gods. We watched a part two to the video that we saw individually a couple weeks ago. I really hope I do good on this test because I usually don't do so good on tests because I either study not enough material or I assume I know the material. This test, I really studied hard so I hope I do good on the test. Usually, it's just west civ I don't do good in, but hopefully that could change this quarter.

Greek Gods

     In west civ today, we didn't do much even though it was our long class. First, we looked at the 58 point quiz paper and went over all the other important rulers. We went over rulers like, Aspaia, Cliesthenes, and Isagoris. We also got told that we have a test next Tuesday because we don't have class Monday. Its on everything weve learned from the movie and the 58 point quiz paper. Then we talked about who could be ostracized (casted out) in America and the first name that came up was Miley Cyrus which I thought was pretty funny. All we really did today was talk about greek gods but west civ today overall was pretty fun.

Maddies Birthday

   Today in west civ it was Maddie's birthday. Mr. Schick show him our projects againdidn't know what our projects looked like so we had to show him our projects again. Me and maddie's project wouldn't open, but he told us we could show him the pictures and we would get a 90 which really saved my grade big time. At the end, we also watched a close call video and it was so scary. West civ today was pretty fun.

Answers

1. Which of the following is not a characteristic of Greece?
2. peninsula      b. many islands     c. mountainous                d. mostly fertile land

2. Approximately ___________ of Greece is covered by mountains.
1. 2/3                  b. 3/4                         c. 1/2                          d. 1/4

3. Define the term barbarian as it was originally used in the ancient world.

a.     The Greeks first used this term to describe those foreigners that they could not understand, but seemed to be saying "bar bar" when speaking.

b.     A group of people that is able to quickly adapt to the new environment in which they arrive despite speaking a foreign tongue.

c.      A group of people migrating into a territory where they do not speak the native tongue.

d.     A life based upon farming, warfare, and tribal organization.

e.     The word came from the Greek "barbaros," which originally meant "Non-Greek."

4.     What defines a megalithic structure?

a.     Homes that were constructed for people during the Neolithic period

b.     Fortifications constructed for people during the Neolithic period

c.      Massive rough-cut stones used to construct monuments and tombs

d.     Giant dinosaurs whose fossil remains were visible to ancient peoples

e.     Evidence of advanced technological tools

5.     What does the term tribe refer to?

a.      A social and political unit consisting of a group of communities held together by common interests, traditions, and real or mythical ties of kinship

b.      A family-based group governed by a hereditary chieftain

c.       A clan-based group prior to the advent of city-states in the Greek world

d.      A group of warriors, related by blood, who are governed by a king or queen

e.      All of these

6. Tribes were governed by
1. Warrior kings or queens                                        d.  all of these
2. Chieftains                                                                  e.  none of these
3. Tribal leaders chosen by warriors

7. Who were the first European barbarians to make contact with civilization?
1. Greeks                                                                       d.  Phoenicians
2. Hittites                                                                      e.  people of Asian Minor
3. Celts

8. Which of the following modern-day countries would NOT be considered a member of “Western civilization”?
1. Greece                                                                        d.  Italy
2. England                                                                     e.  United States
3. China

9. What is the name of the sea located just west of the Greek mainland?
1. Mediterranean Sea                                                  d.  Ionian Sea
2. Aegean Sea                                                                e.  Chesapeake Bay
3. Atlantic Ocean

10. What is the name of the sea located just east of the Greek mainland?
1. Mediterranean Sea                                                  d.  Ionian Sea
2. Aegean Sea                                                                e.  Chesapeake Bay
3. Atlantic Ocean

11. What were the major crops the Aegean people lived on?
1. Rice, vines, and olives
2. Potatoes, vines, and olives
3. Grain, vines, and olives
4. Onions, wheat, and beer
5. Corn, wheat, and rice

12. Which civilization arose on the island of Crete?
1. Mycenaean                                                                d.  Persian
2. Minoan                                                                      e.  Phoenician
3. Spartan

13. Which civilization established settlements along the Greek mainland’s southern shore and on some islands?
1. Mycenaean                                                                d.  Persian
2. Minoan                                                                      e.  Phoenician
3. Spartan 

14. Which civilization built massive walls to protect themselves from attack?
1. Mycenaean                                                                d.  Persian
2. Minoan                                                                      e.  Phoenician
3. Spartan

15. A period of Greek history in which the population dropped, ships no longer sailed, and writing fell out of use, is called the
1. First Persian War                                                    d.  Dark Ages
2. Megalithic Destruction                                          e.  none of these
3. Collapse of Crete

16. Following this time period, the Greeks joined which group as the leading commercial and seafaring nation of the Mediterranean?
1. Etruscans                                                                  d.  Persians
2. Egyptians                                                                   e.  Phoenicians
3. Hittites

17. In historical writing, the letter “c” might appear before a date, as in “c. 1500 BC.”  What does this “c” mean?
1. around                                                                       d.  all of these
2. about                                                                          e.  none of these
3. circa

18. By 600 BC, -s-states dotted the coastlines around the Mediterranean Sea.  These were called
1. colonies                                                                     d.  hoplites
2. demos                                                                                    e.  megaliths
3. Starbucks

19. Although they varied in size, ancient Greek city-states most closely resembled what modern-day geographical feature?
1. cities                                                                           d.  nations
2. counties                                                                     e.  continents
3. states

20.  This is a form of government in which a small group of citizens dominated, and the power of the majority was limited in various ways.
1. democracy                                                                 c.  oligarchy
2. monarchy                                                                  d.  tyranny

21. This is a form of government in which decisions were made by the majority of adult male citizens.
1. democracy                                                                 c.  oligarchy
2. monarchy                                                                  d.  tyranny 

22. This is a form of government in which a self-proclaimed dictator held power.
1. democracy                                                                 c.  oligarchy
2. monarchy                                                                  d.  tyranny

23. This is a form of government in which power is held by a single ruler, and is often passed along from father to son.
1. democracy                                                                 c.  oligarchy
2. monarchy                                                                  d.  tyranny

24. Spartans used this government system.
1. democracy                                                                 c.  oligarchy
2. monarchy                                                                  d.  tyranny

25. At what age did Spartan males begin their military training?
1. seven                                                                          d.  eighteen
2. twelve                                                                                    e.  twenty-one
3. fifteen

26. What was the wealthiest city-state in the ancient Greek world?
1. Athens                                                                       d.  Sparta
2. Thebes                                                                       e.  Argos
3. Corinth

27. This was the high fortified citadel and religious center of an ancient Greek town.
1. Parthenon                                                                 d.  helos
2. Pantheon                                                                  e.  polites
3. acropolis

28. This was the name of the southern peninsula where Sparta was located.
1. Anatolia                                                                     d.  Stonehenge
2. Mt. Olympus                                                             e.  Peloponnesus
3. Crete

29. These were massive fighting ships with three banks of oars, used to ram or board enemy ships.
1. phalanxes                                                                  d.  biremes
2. hoplites                                                                      e.  triremes
3. tyrants

30. This was a heavily armed and armored citizen-soldier of ancient Greece.
1. phalanx                                                                      d.  bireme
2. hoplite                                                                       e.  trireme
3. tyrant

  

Short answer.    

1. You recall the time period when the Greek population dropped, ships no longer sailed, and writing fell out of use.  What years did this period begin and end  1150-800 B.C.

2. During the time period when writing fell out of use, the poet Homer is said to have told stories of the Trojan War, and of a war hero attempting to return to his home.  What are the titles of these two stories? The Iliad and The Odyssey

3. The word “Mediterranean” originally meant Center of the Earth.

4. What were prominent and long-established Athenian land-owners called? Aristocrats